Trefwoordenwolk - Actor Atlas

#fightingUntruthsOnline
_M
_C
_D
_F
_P
_S
Source

#tagcoding postfixes for types of online untruths:
_M : Misinformation
_C : Conceptual deception
_D : Disinformation
_F : Fake news
_P : Propaganda
_S : Satire

Misinformation refers to false or misleading information that is shared unknowingly and is not intended to deliberately deceive, manipulate or inflict harm on a person, social group, organisation or country.

Contextual deception refers to the use of true but not necessarily related information to frame an event, issue or individual (e.g. a headline that does not match the corresponding article), or the misrepresentation of facts to support one’s narrative (e.g. to deliberately delete information that is essential context to understanding the original meaning). The way in which facts are used is disingenuous and with the intent to manipulate people or cause harm.

Disinformation refers to verifiably false or misleading information that is knowingly and intentionally created and shared for economic gain or to deliberately deceive, manipulate or inflict harm.

Fake news refers to false information that is purposefully crafted, sensational, emotionally charged, misleading or totally fabricated information that mimics the form of mainstream news. Fake news can be wholly fabricated or a mix of fact and fiction.

Propaganda refers to the activity or content adopted and propagated by governments, private firms, non-profits, and individuals to manage collective attitudes, values, narratives, and opinions.

Satire is defined as language, film or other works of art that use humor and exaggeration to critique people or ideas, often as a form of social or political commentary.

Lesher, M., H. Pawelec and A. Desai (2022), "Disentangling untruths online: Creators, spreaders and how to stop them", Going Digital Toolkit Note, No. 23

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Select a continent's tab for country ISO 3166 codes to localize coding hashtags!

Visit lgu codes for #covid19lgu tags for local government unit (lgu) localization.

Country	ISO
Algeria	DZ
Angola	AO
Benin	BJ
Botswana	BW
Burkina Faso	BF
Burundi	BI
Cameroon	CM
Cape Verde	CV
Central African Republic	CF
Chad	TD
Comoros	KM
Congo, Dem. Rep.	CD
Congo, Rep.	CG
Côte d'Ivoire	CI
Djibouti	DJ
Egypt, Arab. Rep.	EG
Equatorial Guinea	GQ
Eritrea	ER
Ethiopia	ET
Gabon	GA
Gambia, the	GM
Ghana	GH
Guinea	GN
Guinea-Bissau	GW
Kenya	KE
Lesotho	LS
Liberia	LR
Libya	LY
Madagascar	MG
Malawi	MW
Mali	ML
Mauritania	MR
Mauritius	MU
Morocco	MA
Mozambique	MZ
Namibia	NA
Niger	NE
Nigeria	NG
Rwanda	RW
São Tomé and Príncipe	ST
Senegal	SN
Seychelles	SC
Sierra Leone	SL
Somalia	SO
South Africa	ZA
South Sudan	SS
Sudan	SD
Swaziland	SZ
Tanzania	TZ
Togo	TG
Tunisia	TN
Uganda	UG
Zambia	ZM
Zimbabwe	ZW

Country	ISO
Antigua and Barbuda	AG
Argentina	AR
Bahamas	BS
Barbados	BB
Belize	BZ
Bolivia	BO
Brazil	BR
Canada	CA
Chile	CL
Colombia	CO
Costa Rica	CR
Cuba	CU
Dominica	DM
Dominican Republic	DO
Ecuador	EC
El Salvador	SV
Grenada	GD
Guatemala	GT
Guyana	GY
Haiti	HT
Honduras	HN
Jamaica	JM
Mexico	MX
Nicaragua	NI
Panama	PA
Paraguay	PY
Peru	PE
Puerto Rico	PR
St. Kitts and Nevis	KN
St. Lucia	LC
St. Vincent and the Grenadines	VC
Suriname	SR
Trinidad and Tobago	TT
United States	US
Uruguay	UY
Venezuela, R.B.	VE

Country	ISO
Afghanistan	AF
Bahrain	BH
Bangladesh	BD
Bhutan	BT
Brunei Darussalam	BN
Cambodia	KH
China	CN
Hong Kong, China	HK
India	IN
Indonesia	ID
Iran, Islamic Rep.	IR
Iraq	IQ
Israel	IL
Japan	JP
Jordan	JO
Kazakhstan	KZ
Korea, North	KP
Korea, Rep.	KR
Kuwait	KW
Kyrgyz Republic	KG
Lao PDR	LA
Lebanon	LB
Malaysia	MY
Maldives	MV
Mongolia	MN
Myanmar	MM
Nepal	NP
Oman	OM
Pakistan	PK
Philippines	PH
Qatar	QA
Saudi Arabia	SA
Singapore	SG
Sri Lanka	LK
Syrian Arab Republic	SY
Taiwan, China	TW
Tajikistan	TJ
Thailand	TH
Timor-Leste	TL
Turkey	TR
Turkmenistan	TM
United Arab Emirates	AE
Uzbekistan	UZ
Vietnam	VN
West Bank and Gaza	PS
Yemen, Rep.	YE

Country	ISO
Albania	AL
Armenia	AM
Austria	AT
Azerbaijan	AZ
Belarus	BY
Belgium	BE
Bosnia and Herzegovina	BA
Bulgaria	BG
Croatia	HR
Cyprus	CY
Czech Republic	CZ
Denmark	DK
Estonia	EE
Finland	FI
France	FR
Georgia	GE
Germany	DE
Greece	GR
Hungary	HU
Iceland	IS
Ireland	IE
Italy	IT
Kosovo	KV
Latvia	LV
Lithuania	LT
Luxembourg	LU
Macedonia, FYR	MK
Malta	MT
Moldova	MD
Montenegro	ME
Netherlands	NL
Norway	NO
Poland	PL
Portugal	PT
Romania	RO
Russian Federation	RU
Serbia	RS
Slovak Republic	SK
Slovenia	SI
Spain	ES
Sweden	SE
Switzerland	CH
Ukraine	UA
United Kingdom	GB